A Debian nem igényel a Linux és a GNU eszköz-készletek által kívántnál több hardvert. Ezért minden gépen, melyen a Linux kernel, a libc, a gcc és a többi fut, és melyre a Debian portolva van, futtatható a Debian. Lásd a Debian portok oldalát a http://www.debian.org/ports/sparc/ címen a jelen SPARC architektúra rendszerekről, melyek teszteltek a Debian rendszerrel.
A jelen, SPARC architektúra által támogatott összes különböző hardver konfiguráció leírásának megkísérlése helyett, e fejezet általános adatokat és még részletesebb adatokra való hivatkozásokat ad.
A Debian 4.0 12 nagy architektúrát támogat és minden architektúra számos változatát, melyeket „kivitelek” (flavors) néven említünk.
Architektúra | Debian megnevezés | Alarchitektúra | Kivitel |
---|---|---|---|
Intel x86-alapú | i386 | ||
AMD64 & Intel EM64T | amd64 | ||
DEC Alpha | alpha | ||
ARM és StrongARM | arm | Netwinder és CATS | netwinder |
Intel IOP32x | iop32x | ||
Intel IXP4xx | ixp4xx | ||
RiscPC | rpc | ||
HP PA-RISC | hppa | PA-RISC 1.1 | 32 |
PA-RISC 2.0 | 64 | ||
Intel IA-64 | ia64 | ||
MIPS (big endian) | mips | SGI IP22 (Indy/Indigo 2) | r4k-ip22 |
SGI IP32 (O2) | r5k-ip32 | ||
Broadcom BCM91250A (SWARM) | sb1-bcm91250a | ||
Broadcom BCM91480B (BigSur) | sb1a-bcm91480b | ||
MIPS (little endian) | mipsel | Cobalt | cobalt |
DECstation | r4k-kn04 | ||
r3k-kn02 | |||
Broadcom BCM91250A (SWARM) | sb1-bcm91250a | ||
Broadcom BCM91480B (BigSur) | sb1a-bcm91480b | ||
Motorola 680x0 | m68k | Atari | atari |
Amiga | amiga | ||
68k Macintosh | mac | ||
VME | bvme6000 | ||
mvme147 | |||
mvme16x | |||
IBM/Motorola PowerPC | powerpc | CHRP | chrp |
PowerMac | pmac | ||
PReP | prep | ||
Sun SPARC | sparc | sun4m | sparc32 |
sun4u | sparc64 | ||
sun4v | |||
IBM S/390 | s390 | IPL from VM-reader és DASD | generic |
IPL szalagról | szalag |
E dokumentum leírja a Debian SPARC architektúrára telepítését. Ha más, Debian által támogatott architektúra érdekel, nézd meg a Debian portok oldalt.
Sparc-based hardware is divided into a number of different subarchitectures, identified by one of the following names: sun4, sun4c, sun4d, sun4m, sun4u or sun4v. The following list describes what machines they include and what level of support may be expected for each of them.
These subarchitectures include some very old 32-bit machines, which are no longer supported. For a complete list please consult the Wikipedia SPARCstation page.
sun4m is the only 32-bit subarchitecture (sparc32) that is currently supported. The most popular machines belonging to this class are Sparcstation 4, 5, 10 and 20.
Note that symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) — the ability to run processes on multiple processors — is not supported on this hardware, due to stability problems with such configurations. The available uniprocessor (UP) sparc32 kernel will boot fine on multiprocessor machines, although it will activate and use only the first CPU.
This subarchitecture includes all 64-bit machines (sparc64) based on the UltraSparc processor and its clones. Most of the machines are well supported, even though for some you may experience problems booting from CD due to firmware or bootloader bugs (this problem may be worked around by using netbooting). Use the sparc64 or sparc64-smp kernel in UP and SMP configurations respectively.
This is the newest addition to the Sparc family, which includes machines based on the Niagara multi-core CPUs. At the moment such CPUs are only available in T1000 and T2000 servers by Sun, and are well supported. Use the sparc64-smp kernel.
Note that Fujitsu's SPARC64 CPUs used in PRIMEPOWER family of servers are not supported due to lack of support in the Linux kernel.
A Debian támogatása az alapvető grafikus felülethez az X.Org X11 rendszerében adott támogatástól függ. A legtöbb AGP, PCI és PCIe videó kártya működik X.Org alatt. A támogatott grafikus buszok, kártyák, monitorok és mutató eszközök részletei a http://xorg.freedesktop.org/ címen találhatók. A Debian 4.0 az X.Org 7.1 változattal érkezik.
Most graphics options commonly found on Sparc-based machines are supported. X.org graphics drivers are available for sunbw2, suncg14, suncg3, suncg6, sunleo and suntcx framebuffers, Creator3D and Elite3D cards (sunffb driver), PGX24/PGX64 ATI-based video cards (ati driver), and PermediaII-based cards (glint driver). To use an Elite3D card with X.org you additionally need to install the afbinit
package, and read the documentation included with it on how to activate the card.
It is not uncommon for a Sparc machine to have two graphics cards in a default configuration. In such a case there is a possibility that the Linux kernel will not direct its output to the card initially used by the firmware. The lack of output on the graphical console may then be mistaken for a hang (usually the last message seen on console is 'Booting Linux...'). One possible solution is to physically remove one of the video cards; another option is to disable one of the cards using a kernel boot parameter. Also, if graphical output is not required or desired, serial console may be used as an alternative. On some systems use of serial console can be activated automatically by disconnecting the keyboard before booting the system.